Fuzhou people
The people of Fuzhou (Chinese: 福州人; Foochow Romanized: Hók-ciŭ-nè̤ng), also known as Foochowese, Hokchew, Hokchia, Hokchiu and Fuzhounese, usually refers to people who originate from Fuzhou region and adjacent Gutian County, Pingnan County in Fujian province of the People's Republic of China and in Matsu Islands of the Republic of China. Foochowese are predominately of Han Chinese origin and are a part of Min-speaking group, who speaks Eastern Min language or specifically Fuzhou dialect. There is also a significant overseas Foochowese population, particularly distributed in Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, United States, Japan, United Kingdom, etc.[2]
Emigration
Fuzhou's history of emigration since Ming dynasty with Zheng he's voyages overseas. As the result of immigration of Fuzhouese to southeast Asia, Fuzhou dialect is found in Malaysia and Indonesia. The city of Sibu of Malaysia is called "new Fuzhou" due to immigration wave in early 1900s. They are referred to as "Hockchiu" in Malaysia.[3]
Subgroups
- Native Fuzhou people / Foochowese Han (福州儂 / 福州漢族)
- She people in Fuzhou (畲婆)
- Fuzhou Tanka (曲蹄)[4]
- Manchu people in Fuzhou (旗下囝)
- Recent Chinese migrants to Fuzhou and their descendants (兩個聲; Lâng-gá-siăng; [laŋ21 ŋa21 liaŋ55])
Famous Foochow figures
- Lin Zexu (林则徐, 1785—1850), Chinese scholar and official, considered a national hero for his strong opposition to the trade of opium before the First Anglo-Chinese War
- Shen Baozhen (沈葆桢, 1820—1879), Viceroy of Liangjiang from 1875 to 1879
- Chen Baochen (陈宝琛, 1848—1935), Chinese scholar and loyalist to the Qing Dynasty
- Wong Nai-siong (黄乃裳, 1849—1924), Chinese Christian scholar
- Lin Shu (林纾, 1852—1924), Chinese scholar and translator, most famous for his translation of Alexandre Dumas' La Dame aux Camélias
- Yan Fu (严复, 1854—1921), Chinese scholar and translator, best known for introducing western ideas such as Darwinian evolution
- Sa Zhenbing (萨镇冰, 1859—1952), high-ranking naval officer of Mongolian origin
- Lin Sen (林森, 1868—1943), President of the Republic of China from 1931 to 1943
- Hou Debang (侯德榜, 1890—1974), Chinese chemical engineer
- Zheng Zhenduo (郑振铎, 1898—1958), Chinese journalist and literary scholar
- Bing Xin (冰心, 1900—1999), female Chinese writer
- Watchman Nee (倪柝声, 1903—1972), Chinese Christian author and church leader
- Lin Huiyin (林徽因, 1904—1955), female Chinese architect and writer
- Chen Jingrun (陈景润, 1933—1996), Chinese mathematician who made significant contributions to number theory
- Chen Zhangliang (陈章良, 1962—), Chinese biologist, elected as vice-governor of Guangxi in 2007
- Wu Qingyuan (吳清源, 1914—), Chinese Weiqi/Go player, considered by many players to be the greatest player of the game in the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time.
See also
References